(New) Media and the Circulation of Knowledge: A Historical Framework for The Conversation Canada
by Gene Allen and Nathan Lucky
p. 221-246
Abstract
New media and new applications of existing media are typically seen as ways of distributing knowledge more effectively, often with hopes that this process will strengthen democracy. Adopting a history-of-knowledge approach, the authors analyze methods of knowledge circulation attending early print, nineteenth-century mechanics’ institutes and public libraries, early radio broadcasting, and explanatory journalism, providing a comparative historical framework for a recent new-media platform for distributing knowledge, The Conversation network. Appealing to a socially broad audience has consistently been a challenge. Efforts to distribute knowledge also reflected differences in prevailing media ecosystems, national systems of political economy, and contemporary social/political concerns.
Gene Allen is adjunct professor in the School of Journalism, Toronto Metropolitan University, and the author of Mr. Associated Press: Kent Cooper and the 20th-Century World of News.
Nathan Lucky is a PhD student at the Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Clark University.
Examining Sensitive Personal Information Protection in China: Framework, Obstacles, and Solutions
by Qian Li , Tao Jiang , Xijian Fan
p. 247-273
Abstract
In 2021 China passed the Personal Information Protection Law. One of the most important features of the law is its regulation of sensitive personal information processing. This article examines how Chinese legal frameworks treat sensitive personal information and analyzes how the Personal Information Protection Law protects sensitive personal information by creating general rules for personal information processing and specific rules for sensitive information. This article also analyzes three obstacles to sensitive personal information protection: context sensitivity, the influence of widespread use of digital technologies, and the balance among various interests. In response, this article proposes three solutions: (1) a contextual strategy for risk governance, including contextual risk analysis and resilience; (2) algorithm compliance, including the algorithmic impact assessment and algorithmic supervision; and (3) a two-step test for balancing various interests.
Qian Li is a researcher at the Institute for Chinese Legal Modernization Studies of Nanjing Normal University. His research is focused on information law.
Tao Jiang is a professor at the Criminal Justice College of East China University of Political Science and Law. His research is focused on information crime control.
Xijian Fan is an associate professor at the College of Information Science and Technology of Nanjing Forestry University. He studies information science and technology.
Turtles, Tablets, and Boxes: Computer Technology and Education in the 1970s
by Elizabeth Petrick
p. 274-294
Abstract
One of the most powerful ideas behind the potential of computer technology is that it could revolutionize education. To understand this idea historically, this article brings together computer science researchers with theories of education and childhood development. These researchers—Seymour Papert at MIT and Alan Kay and Adele Goldberg at Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Center—drew on a group of midtwentiethcentury education theorists. These cases offer a window into how computer researchers have read and interpreted scientific theories about education and childhood development that then make their way into computer technology or fail to do so entirely.
Elizabeth Petrick is associate professor of history at Rice University. Her book Making Computers Accessible: Disability Rights and Digital Technology (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015) received the 2017 Computer History Museum Book Prize.
Legitimate Language: James E. Shepard’s Use of Mitigation Strategies to Advance Black Education
by LaTesha Velez
p. 295-311
Abstract
This research offers a critical context-sensitive discourse-historical analysis of a speech by James E. Shepard, the Black president and founder of North Carolina Central University. Shepard’s speech negotiated his identity as an educated Black man in the Jim Crow South by using perspectivation to switch between the point of view of an African American and that of a North Carolinian, thus establishing a bond with white members of his audience based on locational loyalty. A better understanding of how language is used by oppressed populations contributes to LIS scholars’ understandings of the usage of information in society.
LaTesha Velez’s research focuses on BIPOC individuals. Her goals are to contribute theoretical research that centralizes the experiences of marginalized people and provide information for LIS practitioners to make positive changes toward increasing equity, diversity, inclusion, and access within the LIS profession.
Streaming Culture: Subscription Platforms and the Unending Consumption of Culture by David Arditi (review)
Franklin Bridges
p. 312-313
Streaming Culture: Subscription Platforms and the Unending Consumption of Culture
by David Arditi
EMERALD PUBLISHING, 2021, 174 PP. PAPERBACK, $23.99; EBOOK, $19.99
ISBN: 978-1-839-82773-0
Information: A Historical Companion ed. by Ann Blair, Paul Duguid, Anja-Silvia Goeing, and Anthony Grafton (review)
Andrew Dillon
p. 314-316
Information: A Historical Companion
edited by Ann Blair, Paul Duguid, Anja-Silvia Goeing, and Anthony Grafton
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2021, 881 PP. HARDCOVER, $65.00; EBOOK, $45.40
ISBN: 978-0-691-17954-4
Viral Cultures: Activist Archiving in the Age of AIDS by Marika Cifor (review)
Camille Coyi
p. 317-318
Viral Cultures: Activist Archiving in the Age of AIDS
by Marika Cifor
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA PRESS, 2022, 308 PP. CLOTH, $108.00; PAPERBACK, $27.00; EBOOK, $14.85 ISBN: 978-1-517-90936-9
Wild Intelligence: Poets’ Libraries and the Politics of Knowledge in Postwar America by M. C. Kinniburgh (review)
Sam Lohmann
p. 319-320
Wild Intelligence: Poets’ Libraries and the Politics of Knowledge in Postwar America
by M. C. Kinniburgh
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS PRESS, 2022, 224 PP. HARDCOVER, $90.00; PAPERBACK, $28.95
ISBN: 9781625346568
The Evolution of the Chinese Internet: Creative Visibility in the Digital Public by Shaohua Guo (review)
Shu Wan
p. 321-322
The Evolution of the Chinese Internet: Creative Visibility in the Digital Public
by Shaohua Guo
STANFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2021, 328 PP. HARDCOVER, $90.00; PAPERBACK, $30.00; EBOOK, $27.50
ISBN: 978-1-503-61377-5
A House for the Struggle: The Black Press & the Built Environment in Chicago by E. James West (review)
Janelle Duke
p. 321-322